{"id":483059,"date":"2025-09-15T23:20:52","date_gmt":"2025-09-16T03:20:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/deultimominuto.net\/en\/uncategorized\/long-live-mexico-204-years-of-the-independence-of-the-united-mexican-states\/"},"modified":"2025-09-15T23:20:52","modified_gmt":"2025-09-16T03:20:52","slug":"long-live-mexico-204-years-of-the-independence-of-the-united-mexican-states","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/deultimominuto.com\/en\/uncategorized\/long-live-mexico-204-years-of-the-independence-of-the-united-mexican-states\/","title":{"rendered":"!Long Live Mexico! 204 years of the Independence of the United Mexican States"},"content":{"rendered":"Every September 16th, Mexico celebrates one of the most transcendental episodes in its history: the beginning of the fight for independence. This event not only signified the political break with Spain, but also the birth of a new nation marked by cultural plurality, the search for social justice, and the construction of its own identity. Talking about Mexican independence is to delve into a complex process that transcended the limits of war and left deep marks on the political, economic, and social life of the country.\n\nThe independence movement did not arise spontaneously. It was the result of a combination of factors that had been developing since the 18th century. New Spain was experiencing profound social inequalities: while a minority of Creoles and peninsulars controlled wealth and political power, the majority of the population, composed of indigenous people, mestizos, and popular sectors, suffered exploitation, discrimination, and lack of opportunities. Added to this situation was the influence of Enlightenment ideas, which arrived from Europe through books and news, as well as the impact of movements such as the independence of the United States in 1776 and the French Revolution in 1789.\n\nThe crisis of the Spanish monarchy, triggered by the Napoleonic invasion in 1808, opened a rift that allowed the Creoles to question the legitimacy of Spanish rule. It was in this context that a group of men and women began to conspire in different cities of New Spain. Among them were Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, Ignacio Allende, Juan Aldama, Josefa Ortiz de Dom\u00ednguez and others who saw the opportunity to transform the destiny of the viceroyalty.\n\nOn the dawn of September 16, 1810, Hidalgo launched the famous call that went down in history as the “Grito de Dolores”. With that speech, he not only invited people to rise up against Spanish rule, but also to fight against injustice and oppression. What began as a local insurrection quickly turned into a war that lasted for more than a decade.\n\n\n

The first stage of independence was marked by the leadership of Hidalgo. His armies, largely made up of peasants and indigenous people, achieved important initial victories, but also faced defeats due to the lack of military organization and viceregal repression. After Hidalgo’s death in 1811, the cause was taken up by Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Morelos, who gave a new political and social meaning to the movement.<\/p>\n\n\nMorelos was not only seeking independence, but also the creation of a more just and egalitarian nation. In 1813, he convened the Congress of Chilpancingo, where he presented the \u201cSentiments of the Nation\u201d, a visionary document that proclaimed the sovereignty of the people, the abolition of slavery, and the elimination of castes. Under his leadership, the independence movement acquired a more structured program, although he was ultimately defeated and executed in 1815.\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\nDespite setbacks, the flame of independence was kept alive thanks to insurgent leaders like Vicente Guerrero, Guadalupe Victoria, and other combatants who resisted in the mountains and in rural communities. These men maintained the guerrilla war, preventing the cause from being extinguished altogether.\n\nThe final stage of independence was marked by an unexpected turn. In 1820, the reestablishment of the liberal Constitution in Spain generated concern among the Creole elites, who feared losing their privileges. It was then that Agust\u00edn de Iturbide, a royalist military man, decided to pact with the insurgents. The result was the Plan of Iguala of 1821, which proclaimed independence, the union between Creoles and peninsulars, and the defense of the Catholic religion. That pact allowed the triumphal entry of the Trigarante Army into Mexico City on September 27, 1821, ending more than 300 years of colonial rule.\n\nIndependence, however, did not immediately solve the problems of inequality and poverty that had motivated the struggle. Mexico began its life as an independent nation with enormous challenges: a vast and diverse territory, weak institutions, internal divisions, and a complex international context. Political instability, the struggles between liberals and conservatives, as well as foreign intervention marked a large part of the 19th century.\n\nHowever, independence left an invaluable legacy. It laid the foundations for the construction of a sovereign state and sowed the seed of national identity. The figure of Hidalgo, considered the Father of the Fatherland, symbolizes rebellion and the desire for justice. Morelos represents the vision of a more inclusive country, while Guerrero embodies resistance and loyalty to the popular cause. Each of them contributed elements that continue to be references in Mexican history.\n\nThe commemoration of independence is not just a memory of the past, but also an opportunity to reflect on the challenges of the present. Mexico, as a nation, still faces problems of inequality, violence, and corruption that refer to the same demands for social justice raised more than two centuries ago. Independence should be understood as an unfinished process, as an inspiration to continue building a more equitable and democratic country.\n\nToday, the September 16th celebrations are not limited to the traditional Grito in Dolores Hidalgo or in the Z\u00f3calo in Mexico City. In every public square, in every community, in every home where the anthem is sung and the flag is waved, the spirit of that dawn of 1810 is revived. It is the reaffirmation that, despite the difficulties, Mexico is a nation that was born from the struggle, hope, and the constant search for freedom.\n\nMexican independence, with all its lights and shadows, is a reminder that history is not a closed narrative, but a path under construction. In each generation, in each citizen, falls the responsibility to continue the nation-building project that began more than two centuries ago, with the ringing of the bells of Dolores and the firm voice of Miguel Hidalgo calling for insurrection.","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Every September 16th, Mexico celebrates one of the most transcendental episodes in its history: the beginning of the fight for independence. This event not only signified the political break with Spain, but also the birth of a new nation marked by cultural plurality, the search for social justice, and the construction of its own identity. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":133543,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-483059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/phj1q1-21Fh","jetpack_featured_media_url":"","dum_api":{"author_name":"Carolina \u00c1lvarez","author_image":"https:\/\/deultimominuto.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/cropped-WhatsApp-Image-2026-05-26-at-5.31.57-PM-96x96.jpeg","categories_name":["Uncategorized"],"featured_media_url":null},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/deultimominuto.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/483059","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/deultimominuto.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/deultimominuto.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deultimominuto.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/133543"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deultimominuto.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=483059"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/deultimominuto.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/483059\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/deultimominuto.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=483059"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deultimominuto.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=483059"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deultimominuto.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=483059"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}