Microplastics detected in human reproductive fluids: a possible threat to fertility

Madrid.- A study led by Spanish scientists has identified the presence of microplastics in human reproductive fluids, finding them in 69% of female follicular fluid samples and 55% of male seminal fluid. The finding, published in the journal Human Reproduction and presented at the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) congress in Paris, opens the door to new questions about its impact on reproductive health. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a polymer commonly used in products like non-stick pans and industrial materials, was the most detected in both groups. In women, other plastics such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polyurethane (PU), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene (PE) were also found. In men, in addition to PTFE, PS, PET, PA, and PU stood out. Researchers analyzed samples from 29 women and 22 men, using glass containers and chemical procedures to avoid contamination, and applied direct infrared laser microscopy techniques to identify the polymers.

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Although previous studies had already detected microplastics in human organs, this is the first time they have been confirmed in key fluids for reproduction. Emilio Gómez-Sánchez, lead researcher of the study and expert in assisted reproduction, pointed out that although they expected to find them, the high prevalence was surprising.

Although the research did not determine the direct impact on fertility, it is known that in animals microplastics can cause inflammation, oxidative stress, cell damage, and hormonal alterations. According to Gómez-Sánchez, “it is possible that they affect the quality of eggs or sperm, but conclusive evidence in humans is still lacking.”

The team plans to expand the study to more people and include factors such as lifestyle and environmental exposure, as well as analyze whether there is a relationship between microplastics and reproductive quality. Despite the findings, experts call for calm. “Fertility depends on multiple factors and there is no reason to be alarmed for now,” clarifies Gómez-Sánchez, who recommends small actions to reduce exposure to these pollutants, such as using glass containers or avoiding the excessive use of plastic bottles.